Insulating material



Aug. 31, 1937.

J. l.. FINCK 2,091,918

INSULATING MATERIAL Fild oct. 17, 1932 Patented Aug. 31, 1937 -uN1TEDsTATEs PATENT oFFlcEv Joseph L. Finck, Wilhillltoll, D. C. Application October 17, 1932, SerIalNo.

lOlaim.

The present invention relates to a novel fabricated sheet insulating material that may be emplayed in a large variety of insulating spaces such as in the walls of refrigerator cabinets, refrigmator cars, in containers designed for housing perishable food materials, or in walls, ceilings or roofs of buildings and more particularly to such types of insulating material which form or are designed to form air spaces so that the rulting structure derives its resistance to heat flow at least in part from the presence of air spaces.

It is the object of the present invention to provide such fabricated material with a metal coating on the face disposed toward the air spacev so that the transfer of radiated heat across the air space is reduced to a minimum.

'Ihe present invention may be applied to or embodied in fabricated structural materials as are employed in buildings or the like against air spaces in the wall, in which case the material would be provided with a metal coating on the face disposed toward the air space. The inven- `tion .may also be embodied in fabricated sheet insulating materials of the kind that are fabricated to embody air spaces within the fabricated material. Corrugated or indented paper or corrugated cardboard are examples of this type of material. When the invention is applied to this type of material a facing of metal foil is associated with the corrugated sheet material.

For a more detailed disclosure of the present invention reference is had to the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 shows a fabricated structural material having a metal facing;

Fig. 2 is a modified form of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a corrugated fabric having a metal foil facing;

Hg. 4 is a modified form of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 illustrates an apparatus that may be employed in the manufacture of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 shows an insulating material having several mers of corrugated paper or cardboard, the same being assembled so that the corrugations run in the same direction, and having metal foil interposed between adjacent layers;

Pig. 'I shows a similar assembly in which the corrugations of adjacent layers are perpendicular to each other, and

Fig. 8 shows another type of wall board embodying the present invention.

In the drawing Fig. 1 shows a fabricated building material I0 such as fibre board, plaster board or the like having a metal coating II preferably in the form of a metal foil'. 'I'he foil may be of any suitable metal or alloy which is resistant to 5 oxidation such as aluminum, tin, lead alloys, rust proof steel or the like. In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 1 the foil is pasted on one face of the sheet material.

In Fig. 2 the foil II is caused to adhere to the 10 sheet material I0 by the aid of the indented portions I2. This is accomplished by vfeeding the `material I Il and the metal foil II between a pair of rolls, the lower roll having a smooth face and the upper roll having spaced teats or projections l5 thereon which serve to form the depressions I2 and cause the spaced portions of the metal foil to dig into the building material.

When the material shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is employed inwall constructions or the like, the same is disposed against air spaces in the wall with the metal coating disposed toward the air spaces thereby reducing thermal radiation to a minimum.

Fig. 3 shows corrugated paper or cardboard I3 25 faced with metal foil Il and I5 of the kind described. As shown in Fig. 3 the corrugated fabric is provided with two faclngs- I4 and I5 each of metal foil. If, however, a plurality of layers of the material are employed, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the corrugated fabric is provided with only one metal foil facing, and, if desired, one of the outer layers may have a metal foil facing on each side thereof.

In the manufacture of the metal lined corrugated paper any machine of the type commonly employed in the manufacture of lined corrugated paper or cardboard may be employed. More speciflcally, the type of machine which applies paste or other adhesive to the crowns of the corrugations and which will leave the portions of the metal foil facing the air space uncoated must be employed. Such machines are well known in the art and are exemplified by the machines shown in the U. s. patents numbered 212,723, 1,263,000, 1,473,096, and 1,835,816. These machines may be employed for the manufacture of a corrugated paper having either one metal lining or two as desired. 5o

Fig. 4 shows a form of the invention in which the employment of paste or other adhesive is eliminated. In this form of the invention the metal foil I6 is held in permanent assembly with the corrugated .paper or cardboard I1 by means o1' indentatlons Vor .depressions I 8 which cause the metal foil to interengage with the crowns of the corrugations. Fig. 5 shows a pair of co-` operating rolls which serve to produce the product shown in Fig. 4. The roll I9 corresponds to one of the corrugators commonly employed in the machines referred to hereinabove; and the roll 20 corresponds to the smooth faced pressure 'roll commonly employedl to cooperate with the roll I9 to associate the lining or facing with the corrugated sheet. In the present form, however,

-the crests or crowns offthe roll I9 are provided lIt will be understood that in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 6' and 7 either the material shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 may be employed.

'Ihe foil that may be employed in the present invention should be of a metal that has a high reectivity and low emissivity to radiated heat. AluminumV foil accomplishes this purpose a1- though other metal foils which -are diiicultly oxidizable maybe employed.'

The material shown'in Figs. 6 and 7 is intended largely as an insulating ller'for refrigerator cabinets or the like-or it `may be employed for constructing cases or containers for the trans`y portation of perishable foods or the like and for a variety of other purposes. This material consists of alternate layers of corrugated paper or cardboard 23 and metal f oil 24 so that the air spaces 25 formed by the corrugations are faced with metal foil, thereby reducing lthe transmission of radiated heat to a If desired this material is covered with a layer of paper or cardboard on each face thereof merely to protect the outer layers of metal'foil.

IFig. 8 shows a relatively. rigid reproof -structural material which may be employed in the building of partitions in reproof structures. This material embodies the principle of the present invention and is composed of alternate layers of corrugated sheet asbestos 21 and sheet metal or metal foil 28 and is preferably additionally provided with a layer of sheet asbestos 29 on each side thereof. It will be understood that other fireproof and heat resistant materials may be employed in lieu of asbestos.

The sheet asbestos employed in this product is of substantial thickness and any sheet asbestos may be employed. The metal foil employed in the products shown in Figs. 1 to '7 inclusive is not designed to add rigidity to the product and may be of the order of magnitude of one ten thousandth to one thousandth of an inch thick. The metal employed in the product shown in Fig. 8 may be of much heavier stock and may even be sheet metal of the type that will add rigidity to the product. It will be understood, however, that the corrugated sheet asbestos alone or taken together with the sheet asbestos 29 make a rigid structure in which case the metal 28 may be relatively thin metal foil. In all cases, however, the metal selected should be of the type which is difcultly oxidizable and which retains its low emissivity and 'high reflectivity throughout its life. l

. The product shown in Fig. 8 is therefore in the form of a rigid board that has high heat resistant and flreproof qualities. 'Ihe provision of the sheet metal or metal foil layers 28 in this form of the product is particularly effective as reproong structural materials for the reason that at high temperatures thel proportion of heat transferred across an air space by conduction and convection is small and the heat is transferred largely "by radiation. The presence of air spaces faced with metal minimizes the transfer of heat by radiation, thereby reducing to a minimum the heat transfer across the air spaces.

The material shown in Fig. 8 may also be employed in the insulation of reproof safes and other reproof structures.

In the manufacture of the material shown in Fig. 8 water glass may be employed as an adhesive between the metal foil or sheet metal and adjacent sheet asbestos. It will be understood, however, that other means for attaching these together may be employed.

If desired the edges may be covered with strips of sheet asbestos SII as shown in Fig. 8.

I claim: Y

As a new article of manufacture, a heat insulating material consisting primarily of corrugated brous sheet material and a facing consisting -of a at sheet of metal foil, the metal foil and the crowns of said corrugations having interengag'ing parts for holding the same in assembly, the said metal foil being exposed on b oth faces thereof except where it is in contact with the crowns of such corrugations.

JosEPH L. FINCK. 

